FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCIDENCE OF TYPE 2 LEPROSY REACTION IN MULTI-BACILLARY (MB) LEPROSY SURVIVORS IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE BIAK CITY COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER IN BIAK NUMFOR REGENCY

Abstract

Type 2 leprosy reaction, or Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL), is a serious immunological complication in multibacillary (MB) leprosy survivors that can cause peripheral nerve damage and permanent disability. Papua Province has the highest prevalence in Indonesia, including Biak Numfor Regency, with 35 cases of leprosy reactions. This study aims to analyze factors associated with the incidence of type 2 leprosy reactions in MB leprosy survivors within the Biak City Community Health Center (Puskesmas) of Biak Numfor Regency. This study was a quantitative cross-sectional design using secondary medical record data. The total sample size was 129 MB leprosy survivors registered at the Biak City Community Health Center between 2021 and 2025. Data analysis included univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate (chi-square/Fisher's Exact Test with prevalence ratio calculation) analyses. The study found that of the 129 respondents, 60.5% experienced type 2 leprosy reactions. The majority of respondents were male (75.2%), and adults (86.0%). Bivariate analysis revealed two variables significantly associated with the incidence of type 2 leprosy reactions: fatigue (RP=2.346; 95% CI=1.564-3.519; p<0.001), stress (RP=2.213; 95% CI=1.571-3.118; p<0.001). Age and gender did not show a statistically significant association (p>0.05).